世界岩画厅 Hall of World Rock Art

岩画是远古人类遗留下来的，凿刻和彩绘在岩石上的图画。

它以其大体类似的题材内容和不同的艺术风格分布在世界各大洲70个国家150多个地区，是一个世界性的文化现象。岩画最早产生在旧石器时代晚期，在新石器时代达到繁荣期，铜铁时代逐渐衰落。岩画作为文字产生之前人类早期活动的遗迹，揭示了远古时代人类社会的劳动样式、经济生活、精神追求和美学倾向，以及人类与自然的关系。它是史前人类试图反映世界、解释世界、力图改造世界的一种手段，是人类为生存而斗争的最早的图画记录。

Rock art is the images or graphs carved or painted on rocks left by primitive people.They have wide distribution in over 150 regions of 70 countries in different continents of the world,embracing generally similar motifs and diverse artistic styles.It is a world cultural phenomenon.Rock art firstly appears in the late Paleolithic Age,thrives in the Neolithic Age and gradually decay in the Bronze and Iron Age.As the relics of early human activities before the appearing of written language,rock art reveal the labor pattern,economic life,spiritual pursuit,aesthetic inclination and the relation between man and nature of primeval human society. Man living in prehistoric period tried to reflect, interpret and change the world in rock art.It is the earliest picture record of human struggle for survival.

亚洲岩画Asian Rock Art

亚洲地域辽阔，气候复杂，民族众多，故而产生了庞大繁复的文化体系。它们竞相争辉，共同成为汇聚人类文明长河的重要组成部分，岩画艺术就是其中的一支渊源。亚洲的岩画资源非常丰富，其内容、题材、风格等因地域、民族、社会类型不同而丰富多彩。亚洲岩画密集于印度、中亚和中国，为我们展开了一卷卷壮观、优美的历史图卷。

Asia has vast territory, complex climate and numerous nationalities thus an immense and inclusive cultural system is generated. Different cultures display brilliant features and they are all important components contributing to the splendor of human cultures.Rock art is one of the origins. Asia boasts abundant rock art resources, which are extremely colorful in terms of content,motif and style because of diverse ethnical and social factors.Asian rock arts mainly concentrate in India,Central Asia and China,which unfold a grand and beautiful scroll of human history.

蒙古岩画Rock Art in Mongolia

此为杭爱山岩画点，地处蒙古国中部。岩画主要分布在沟谷两侧的石壁上。岩画题材以动物、狩猎、符号等为多。

This is the rock art site at Mount Hangayn in central Mongolia. The rock carvings are mainly distributed on the rock walls on both sides of the valley, most of whose motifs are animals,hunting and symbols.

岩画表现突厥骑士的形象。他们手持长矛作奔驰状，身后有鹿、马、羊等动物，从画面内容关系看主题不大鲜明。该画人骑造型准确、生动，比例适当，属该地区岩画制作后期作品。

The rock engraving depicts the images of Turk riders who hold long spears and rush quickly and behind them are some animals such as deer, horses and sheep. The theme is not quite evident,but the images are accurately and vividly captured in appropriate proportion.It is a work of the later stages of rock engraving creation in this area.

画面内容为野猪和羊群，系凿刻法制作。剪影平面式画法，动物造型较为简单、古拙，其中有些动物的画法与中国北方动物岩画的画法相似。

The boar and sheep are depicted by carving technique in silhouette style. The image of the animals is simple and unsophisticated.The creating techniques of some animals are similar to those used in animal engravings in north China.

岩画场面宏大，动物大小有致，人物穿插其间。是一幅极具生活情趣的《狩猎图》。

The engraving is presented in grand scale. Big and small animals are intermingled with human figures.It shows a scene of hunting full of love for life.

蒙古国的车辆岩画，刻画准确，形象生动，其中尤以多轮多辕马车为最。此类车辆岩画分布范围广阔，根据考古学的资料分析，它们的年代大约在公元前2000年下半叶至公元前1000年初。

The carriage engravings in Mongolia are accurately defined and vividly presented, most of which are carriages with multiple wheels and shafts. These carriage engravings have wide distribution.According to archaeological materials,they were created approximately during the latter half of 2000 BC to the beginning of 1000 BC.

这是一辆四轮马车，由四匹马牵拉，其侧旁有一人驾驭。四轮马车在世界岩画中很少出现。

This is a carriage drawn by four horses,beside which is a man taking the rein.Carriage rarely appears in world rock art.

俄罗斯西伯利亚岩画Rock Art in Siberia,Russia

俄罗斯东西伯利亚阿穆尔岩画点内容。画面为三具人面像，造型奇特，各有特点，系用凿刻和磨刻两种方法制成，与中国北方境内一些同类岩画相似，多与神灵崇拜、氏族首领崇拜文化有关。

It is found in the site of Amur in east Siberia, Russia,which presents three peculiar human faces. They are created by methods of pecking and abrading, which resemble the rock engravings of similar type in north China. They are largely related to god worship and clan chieftain worship.

俄罗斯阿尔泰岩画。画面内容有猎人、驯鹿、猎狗等，似为放牧，也似在狩猎，加上不合常规的构图，画面主题令人难以琢磨。画中对动物的描绘很是细致、自然。

It is an Altai rock engraving in Russia which presents hunter,reindeer and dogs.It seems to be a scene of grazing or hunting.The unusual composition makes it harder to be figured out.The depiction of the animals is very accurate and natural.

岩画人物作蹲踞状，头及身体呈方形，中间有一竖线上下贯穿，似为巫人形象。

The man in the engraving is crouching. A vertical line runs through its square head and body.It is probably the image of a witch.

俄罗斯西伯利亚岩画。牛车形体奇特，巫师形象怪异。

It is a rock engraving in Siberia, Russia. The form of the Ox chart is peculiar and the image of the wizard is weird.

环眼双睁，头上有象征光芒的毛发上冲，造型奇特而古拙，是典型的东亚太阳神形象。

The wide-open round eyes and upright hair symbolizing rays of light are typical features of the image of God of Sun in East Asia.

腋下两点，象征双乳，下体有女性符号。简洁地刻画出了一个女人的形象。

The two spots below the armpits represent the breasts and on the lower part of the body is the symbol for female.The image of a woman is depicted in simple sketch.

日本岩画Rock Art in Japan

日本以北海道洞窟岩画最为著名，岩刻的主题是人物像和化装人物像，揭示了当时的人们进行部落英雄崇拜、巫术崇拜和宗教活动等方面的内涵。此画中羽人是古代日本部落英雄的形象。

The cave engravings in Hokkaido, Japan is very famous. The motifs of engravings are human figure and man in costumes,which reveal the tribal hero worship, witchcraft worship and religious activities of the people at that time.The feather man in this engraving is the image of tribal hero in ancient Japan.

日本富勾贝的洞窟岩画。坑穴岩画，有学者认为是原始先民为了表达自己“再生不灭”的愿望和祈求收获的丰饶所为；有学者认为是生殖崇拜的产物等等。它们的祭祀、祈愿的含义是丰富而复杂的。

It is an engraving at Fugoppe Grotto,Japan.Some scholars believe that cupmarks are the primitive' s expression of their wish for eternal rebirth and abundant harvest. Some scholars regard them as the products of reproduction worship,which contain rich but complicated meanings of sacrifice and prayer.

富勾贝洞窟内的各种人形岩画，是人们进行部落英雄崇拜的象征。

The various human figure engravings in Fugoppe Grotto symbolize the tribal hero worship.

韩国岩画Rock Art in Korea

发现于庆尚北道庆州市锡杖洞穴，岩画表现了生殖崇拜的主题。

The engravings discovered at Xizhang Cave in Gyeongju-si,Gyeongsangbuk-do present the motif of reproduction worship.

印度岩画Rock Art inⅠndia

印度岩画以皮摩波特卡最为著名。作品描绘了大量的人物，而另一些作品则画的是动物、符号、几何图形、工具、武器等等。此画拱形门中的人物形象生动。据说，这座有华美图案的拱门是“天堂之门”。

Rock paintings at Bhimbetka are the most famous in India,some of which depict a large quantity of figures and some others present animals,symbols,geometric patterns,tools and weapons.The human figures in the arched door are lively and vivid.It is said that the arched door with delicate patterns is the"door of heaven".

这是一幅别致的、富有装饰风味的岩画。作者给动物身上饰以龟纹，使得画面有了结实感、厚重感，妙趣横生。

This is a special ornamental rock painting, whose creator decorated the animals with tortoise patterns to add to it the sense of weight and humorous wit.

用红色斜线条构图，使牛、鹿有了华丽的图案美。体现了动物图腾崇拜的虔诚。

The composition of oblique lines ornament the ox and deer with beautiful patterns, which reflect the piety in animal totem worship.

狩猎是印度岩画中常见的题材。此画酝造了浓厚的山野狩猎气氛，使观者产生为动物的命运而担忧的悬念。此画对动物的神态描绘很是传神、微妙。这一切都得益于作者高超的艺术才能。

Hunting is a frequently adopted motif in Indian rock paintings. This painting presents an intensified atmosphere of hunting which makes the spectators worry about the animals'fate. For the superb artistic talent of the creator, the expression of the animals is vividly and delicately depicted.

画面上的人物为对抗的两组，双方均引箭射向对方，画面里充满了激烈、紧张的战斗氛围。该作品构图紧凑，主题鲜明，人物描绘细致、精练，比例适当，是一幅佳作。

The figures are from two opposite sides.Both are shooting arrows to the other.The painting is full of the furious and nervous atmosphere of battle.The compact composition,clear motif and meticulously depicted figures with accurate proportion make the painting a refined work.

画面为战斗题材。两队人马迎面相逢，双方展开了激战，有的在引弓射箭，有的在挥刀格杀，有的已负伤倒地……作品中无论是人物或动物，均以写实的手法表达，给人以逼真、震撼的感觉。

The painting shows a battle scene.A furious battle is started between two sides.Some are stretching the bow to shoot arrows;some are holding swords,and some have been wounded and felled on the ground.All the men and animals are depicted in a realistic manner which produces a true-to-life and heart-quaking feeling.

印度尼西亚岩画Rock Art inⅠndonesia

手印象征“我”，是“我”的印记，有“占有”“拥有”等文化涵义。

Handprint is the symbol of"me",which has the cultural meaning of"owning"and"possession".

守护神是原始先民神灵崇拜的崇高对象，形象怪异而富有人情味。

Guardian spirit is the sublime idol worshiped by the primitive ancestors,who has singular images but are endowed with human kindness.

沙特阿拉伯岩画Rock Art in Saudi Arabia

这是一幅有动物和符号夹杂出现的画面。制作较为粗糙，其中反复出现的神秘符号，学者们多解释为祭祀人群。

This is an engraving in which animals and symbols are mixed. It is roughly created. The mysterious symbols which repeatedly appear are regarded as the crowd participating sacrifice.

巴基斯坦岩画Rock Art in Pakistan

岩画内容很多，有建筑、动物、人体以及复杂的符号等，其中圆形的符号似为毡房类造型。这些画内容已融入了浓厚的宗教色彩。

The carving includes buildings, animals, figures and intricate symbols, among which the circle symbols seem to be yurt-typed structures.These carvings have been fused with religious color.

画面为一人体。分开双腿站立，两臂伸展，似作祈祷模样。从体型整体判断，当为男性，乳房部分应是后人添上去的。

The figure that stands on separated legs and stretches his arms seems to be praying.According to its stature,it should be a male and the breasts are added later.

画面右上方有一伊斯兰风格建筑，其左下人与马及别的动物都朝建筑方向走近，从人物牵马恭敬的样子判断，画面主题是与宗教相关的。

In the top right corner is an Islamic architecture and the people,horses and other animals in the left corner below are approaching it.According to the people's deferential posture in leading horses, it is estimated that the motif is about religion.

画面为一猎人。他身穿长袍，头戴毡帽，一手提着一只动物，一手握一把匕首，似狩猎归来。画面为磨刻而成，人物造型比较准确。

The carving presents a hunter who wears a long gown and a terai.Holding an animal in one hand and a dagger in the other,he appears to have returned from hunting. Abrading method is adopted and the figure is accurately captured.