![图解温疫论](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/581/24284581/b_24284581.jpg)
《温疫论》中的常用中草药
中药是中医学的一个重要研究对象,也是中医治疗疾病的基本武器。中药分为植物、动物、矿物等几种类型。《温疫论》自古就被称为用药的典范,其中大多数是植物性药材。《温疫论》中的方剂有汤剂、丸剂、散剂、栓剂、软膏剂、酒剂等十几种类型,它们的基本组成元素就是这些中药。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0001.jpg?sign=1738881623-qljtSs4sbVxqsperTzW8X18LDb80PRQg-0-dfcc14e8ab7873da02585e9e83888c60)
槟榔 味苦辛,性温,能下气、消食、除瘴、祛痰等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0002.jpg?sign=1738881623-O0dmtkDc4vSm4QjnasA5C7iFbMoIe1R8-0-6dc624bf62c57a63cf4890376508f5fd)
厚朴 主治食积气滞,发热燥扰,咳逆喘满,气滞不调等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0003.jpg?sign=1738881623-ZNs6rapZIz0FhCq02YNM3W7KX9hNd4Pq-0-de1d2fed93033645e9b10fc25441d809)
半夏 辛散有毒,能行水湿,降逆气,止呕吐,祛脾胃湿痰。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0004.jpg?sign=1738881623-NGVn9EyCJHz6BGOasa9Y0YAM6BuOWcgG-0-9e746d132cd464c6be2c374b6ec1a144)
藿香 味辛,性微温。用于脘痞呕吐,暑湿倦怠,寒湿闭暑,腹痛吐泻等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0005.jpg?sign=1738881623-5J6TUSaADOfCicfs1xe3EN02iGBwaaaz-0-695d06a9dca6f92e64b6a767315b8330)
柴胡 和解表里,疏肝,升阳。用于感冒发热,胸胁胀痛等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0006.jpg?sign=1738881623-WEK7RcTpo4LOBiSVue7oaMshyyg0m1Z2-0-6930e6791211c03a404f64c8731a0335)
芍药 是有名的花卉,入药有散瘀、活血、泻肝火之效。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0007.jpg?sign=1738881623-aDZub1dgXH6YAA9SV9S7e2sJdWVom0qd-0-a7d200d65c67042f7c88107b843f4df9)
赤小豆 利水消种,解毒排脓。用于水肿胀满、脚气浮肿等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0008.jpg?sign=1738881623-L3OwPH4YyG0mHkq4UjWfWuORUrR4QneR-0-6ef06fbab1a8c3f5ff0dd794ff1ab6bf)
葱白根 就是用于调味的葱,归肺胃经。能发表通阳,解毒杀虫。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0009.jpg?sign=1738881623-YfmT3ap1z18ZVko6B3SiC3hQQDEUVEJh-0-6c42b7278b5115e47a3cd67a1a198aa1)
大黄 主治实热便秘,积滞腹痛,水火烫伤,上消化道出血等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0010.jpg?sign=1738881623-AzcANQ2OHtCErvjFCiAjJrAq37s3MuvE-0-50b6acecb9446679f4c3665b541044ec)
大枣 味甘、性平,入脾、胃经。能补益脾胃,滋养阴血。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0011.jpg?sign=1738881623-0d6UPwcaTkEMeIAl2sEhgQx35Z0HeoFl-0-24157d9c6da90c914b5f0b8b0ac9a925)
当归 补血活血,调经止痛。主治血虚萎黄,眩晕心悸等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0012.jpg?sign=1738881623-ipjBCUVWcANSBzY3a8hLmIgfiLRgKopZ-0-27e876b7a998e8cd96b58fa6247da894)
地黄 清热生津,凉血养阴。用于热风伤阴,阴虚内热等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0013.jpg?sign=1738881623-7GNgcVli7zSzMUop11p3BzMtPNDbhWLN-0-41e09abee16413f7475940a73ae0a2b6)
杜仲 补肝肾,强筋骨,用于腰脊酸疼,肢体痿弱等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0014.jpg?sign=1738881623-rspGOemQoGURvIYWMWJ2clVIwcD13ayr-0-8fe9de4574960a9a33a5a90a12c77895)
茯苓 利水渗湿,健脾宁心。用于水肿尿少,心神不安等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0015.jpg?sign=1738881623-6l6ryOPzdDrIrbGkW4VJ0TDLWJ2oLceE-0-bb701930e7a05f6e220c56c6390f0867)
附子 补火助阳,逐风寒湿邪。用于亡阳虚脱,肢冷脉微等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0016.jpg?sign=1738881623-s23R2RycnLrIaHYTweAOpAj7qDA5Otc9-0-2e1e9e2f3fa2e4571f30d8f366fe7414)
甘草 性平,味甘,有解毒、祛痰等功效,应用范围极广。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0017.jpg?sign=1738881623-mBpLEOabPmZq2cn2UtrstdJnnpfRyS4Y-0-ca18c4184ce73b18b1106c4a00581747)
甘遂 用于水肿胀满,胸腹积水,痰饮积聚,二更不利等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0018.jpg?sign=1738881623-d3f8ADJawkdROGcO0afblpvareSgki22-0-7d76c8bff07543f9267bd6f811f6bbf6)
枸杞 滋补肝肾,益精明目。用于虚劳精亏,腰膝酸痛等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0019.jpg?sign=1738881623-ozBFqwjh42s6Xl0cQg43lUo9FGEtvhwc-0-28cfc3c09d21f5dbfc93ccd564c398d7)
何首乌 解毒,消痈,润肠通便。用于瘰疠疮痈,风疹瘙痒等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0020.jpg?sign=1738881623-HLP0Qxf5fI2l5xJebQem8LDw40SXJv8A-0-cd42b0ddae4bf7fae7f029827365490c)
莲子 味甘、涩,性平。用于心烦失眠,男子遗精,妇人赤白带下等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0021.jpg?sign=1738881623-EqEVH3O9APetMwOigX8dXufibh09Q7VR-0-8625a073a84b92eaaffcadfc88a05e6d)
黄连 清热燥湿,泻火解毒。用于湿热痞满,呕吐吞酸等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0022.jpg?sign=1738881623-bOvGvhYgp8Fks2t5djIFFAvMzWsa0hjq-0-0417135d541faa493691f046cb9b1082)
黄芩 清热燥湿,泻火解毒。用于胸闷呕恶,肺热咳嗽等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0023.jpg?sign=1738881623-7Dn40dxgGBuKyZPlArzPCX0QOxmIyhkY-0-ca4904332514a0b82a37128f6e5f817f)
粳米 就是平时吃的主食大米,性平和,能养胃气。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0005_0024.jpg?sign=1738881623-FVYS87d6DrFt6pMAXbE8R77VProUQmci-0-d1edf3c3fc0dc9e706a6c462efdb0a29)
桔梗 宣肺,祛痰,利咽。用于咳嗽痰多,痢疾腹痛等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0001.jpg?sign=1738881623-O2p8GhYoUQO8zvCEM1M7WdGlcVQfUHBH-0-d30ec70d10ce07b034ff11e4a4c38953)
麻黄 发汗散寒,宣肺平喘。用于风水浮肿,风寒感冒等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0002.jpg?sign=1738881623-T9CDrfQ9r59Ucnlg3ebliGS9bHlcP2Zk-0-e0944a46fdcc178fd5b09f7d8c73b5a0)
麦门冬 性微寒,味甘,微苦。用于肺燥干咳,虚劳烦热等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0003.jpg?sign=1738881623-wottjV6LyRYCRM47NUUqS3OLZwdU7aB4-0-c34abfb083f5070e1f1a67836fae62d1)
秦皮 味苦涩,性寒。用于热痢,赤白带下,目赤肿痛等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0004.jpg?sign=1738881623-CODOhMdeNyv17qanJTd7upfuvsidJIH5-0-65416edd5400cd903cfc11a529cfedfc)
人参 大补元气,补脾益肺,生津安神。能治疗多种疾病。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0005.jpg?sign=1738881623-Zue7kLYAx2kFw7ESnhdviNKntRgJ5tIK-0-0ac494c88aa89146b75149bd0649a689)
葶苈子 味辛,性大寒。用于喘咳痰多、胸胁胀满等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0006.jpg?sign=1738881623-xDVfvbQYGNIxwj2rPWC02PJmoiDujTQe-0-d5bbd606264f75c2b1ef1955238761b9)
通草 味甘、淡,性微寒。主治湿温尿赤、淋病涩痛等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0007.jpg?sign=1738881623-yqExVySNhVM7yOervIyN0YUGAe2fQy5b-0-6138651964edce736f8f5da0211beee1)
萎蕤 主治眼红涩痛,眼见黑花,红痛昏暗,发热口干等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0008.jpg?sign=1738881623-BiTJ8eMis6zHyfUNkcbyUwhHpOvDMIfh-0-6138a6b3719d22471e2d3fd3245d9563)
细辛 味辛,性温。能温经散寒,主治风寒头痛、痰饮咳喘等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0009.jpg?sign=1738881623-C4vIAvtxyj03Hm3RJRrGc4ivWeebWDde-0-ee0f47f9cd3d8ba275bf1df55b33b68f)
山药 是有名的食物。具有健脾补肺、益胃补肾等功效。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0010.jpg?sign=1738881623-4IJ1ys7TeWBMd1NxiSFX1xocUloKrck9-0-97f56cbcfba51fedcb46508524722ee6)
商陆 味苦,性寒。可通二便,泻水,主治水肿,胀满等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0011.jpg?sign=1738881623-nrlYQrWSQpiZXJYU1oWtkOQSzv83ogtt-0-854cc56633ee378313d2b87f7f42cc35)
百合 味甘、微苦,性微寒。主治心阴亏虚,虚烦口渴,潮热盗汗等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0012.jpg?sign=1738881623-6sLcQNHO7kVL1kgxCvFqh00BUumAPqC7-0-61f6d16da1d10420caf54c7698b1247a)
生姜 一种辛辣的调味品,具有发汗解表,温中止呕等功效。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0013.jpg?sign=1738881623-rXdAkN7b6EWRs3SXg5BGaEqmVx7tQC4s-0-5bdec9736be79676b6759a6c7906cc8e)
杏仁 主治外感咳嗽,伤燥咳嗽,食滞脘痛,湿热,疥疮等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0014.jpg?sign=1738881623-qh78Dlt7OGwP7a7dD4oPni37FQqKr250-0-8a375cb651563bfa4c213104002f3d07)
旋覆花 味甘。具有消痰,下气,软坚,行水之功效,主治咳喘等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0015.jpg?sign=1738881623-uvcIjoueRka5n25o9eyFR9DfpVLUWK4A-0-f26ed5f69d1adde77775214c8567166d)
芫花 味苦,性寒。能泻水逐饮,解毒杀虫。用于水肿胀满等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0016.jpg?sign=1738881623-JcZbjp17TtetfR1UmrqIxiB10Zyr8Nh4-0-13ab0a2677f2c5a10974eaacba82a14c)
泽泻 味甘,性寒。归肾、膀胱经。有利小便,清湿热等功效。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0017.jpg?sign=1738881623-ZWSbt3wI6yBRfOpLS6V2YxoVpsq3Ox2y-0-f3db40bedb0de2800217a911b45b0ff9)
蜀椒 用于水气肿满,眼生黑花,元气伤损,腹内虚冷等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0018.jpg?sign=1738881623-GLj6WaI8l1xodVGhMBaccA2JzPPypLbV-0-ba6343a310336ae9688c67f93e8f7583)
蜀漆 味辛,性平,有毒。是治疗疟疾的有效药物。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0019.jpg?sign=1738881623-LeGPtzgZWfKbLnlWmOnAzspNMaI33510-0-409b8ef246548c69fc94cf63c1c26f4d)
桃仁 味苦、甘,性平。用于经闭,痛经,跌打损伤等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0020.jpg?sign=1738881623-JJsUqnn70gydlkIzgmDRSxxtByMm3kml-0-5fd2c776b7eaf2cf4b2a32a7dafdc21a)
天门冬 性寒,味甘,微苦。具有养阴清热,润肺滋肾之效。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0021.jpg?sign=1738881623-2dDu7wpgmOLPSdWyhsqcsDP4xKDp9h0P-0-944cec3a0d86a7e1bec002ee2f61c074)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0022.jpg?sign=1738881623-YkU38BpvXT6hVPjXkSIJvCKTuwemdyVP-0-5fc7d83fbdc2b79ad463489c65621c8e)
栀子 味苦,性寒。具有护肝利胆、降压镇静、止血消肿等作用。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0023.jpg?sign=1738881623-WE8LsR26m2burME7ZNpsW7xXX6FFce8T-0-69c0af5ae641ebd6d96612ac40012b5d)
枳实 酸橙的幼果,具有破气消积之功效,用于积滞内停等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/20C2D9/13182990803706506/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/figure_0006_0024.jpg?sign=1738881623-wevJB0HZEa9hn8RMaHt36JyXleSwsuiW-0-e89311ff5c8d59b4346f41d3d19209e9)
知母 清热泻火,生津润燥。用于高热烦渴,肺热燥咳等。
竹叶 淡竹的叶子,具有观赏价值。可清心利尿,清热除烦等。