关于反家庭暴力法立法宗旨和基本原则的几点思考
陈明侠[1]
摘要：立法宗旨和基本原则是一部法律基本理念的重要体现。反家庭暴力法是一部反对一切形式家庭暴力，维护、保障暴力受害人权益的人权法，也是一部包括实体法、程序法，涉及政府各相关机构、社会组织、社会各界的综合性的社会法。反家庭暴力法立法宗旨应以防治家庭暴力，保障受害人的权益，积极救助受害人，宣传倡导建设平等和睦、安全健康的婚姻家庭关系为目的，从而促进社会的文明和谐发展。因此，反家庭暴力立法应坚持如下原则：反对一切形式家庭暴力，贯彻性别平等原则；对家庭暴力必须采取“零容忍”的态度，及时、有效地实施干预；反对家庭暴力首先是政府的职责，应实施以政府为主导的多机构合作干预机制；反对家庭暴力须采取受害人本位原则；预防为主、早期干预原则，充分发挥社区综合干预作用。
关键词：家庭暴力受害人本位原则 政府职责 预防为主 早期干预
Reflection on the Legislative Purposes and Basic Principles of Anti-domestic Violence Law
Chen Ming-xia
Abstract：Legislative purposes and basic principles are the important manifestation of the fundamental idea of a law. Anti-domestic violence law is a human rights law，which prohibits all forms of domestic violence，and provides safeguards to all the victims. It is also a social law，which covers both the substantive law as well as procedural law，and which imposes responsibilities on all the relevant agencies of the government，social organizations and even the common people. The law is expected to achieve several goals：to prevent domestic violence，to protect the victims，to provide rescue to the victims，to advocate equal，secure and healthy marriage and family atmosphere，and to promote the civilized and harmonious social development. Consequently，anti-domestic violence law should adhere to the following principles：the principle of gender equality，and prohibition of all forms of domestic violence；zero tolerance of domestic violence，and in-time and effective intervention；emphasizing government duties，for this purpose，to establish a multi-agency corporative intervention mechanism led by the government；victim-centered principle；prevention first，early intervention，and inspiring the integrative intervention role of the community.
Key words：domestic violence victim-centered，government responsi-bility，prevention first，early intervention
立法宗旨和基本原则是一部法律基本理念的重要体现，是贯穿一部法律始终的基础性的核心内容，是不可或缺的。反家庭暴力法是一部反对一切形式家庭暴力，维护、保障暴力受害人权益的人权法，也是一部包括实体法内容、程序法内容，涉及政府（包括公安机关）各部门、司法（包括检察院、法院、司法行政部门等）各相关机构、社会组织、社会各界的综合性的社会法。[2]
社会法的基本宗旨是反对歧视，保护弱势群体利益，保障弱势群体平等享有公民权利，从而促进社会公平正义的实现。反家庭暴力法是社会法的一项重要内容，不言而喻，应坚守这一基本价值观。反对家庭暴力法的宗旨和基本原则一定要以保障一切处于婚姻家庭和亲密关系中的人们免遭家庭暴力侵害，充分享有平等的人格尊严以及身心健康权利为核心内容。这是制定反家庭暴力法必须坚持的信念及期望达到的目标。